Yoga Sutra 4.21
- Damian Cadman-Jones
- Mar 10
- 1 min read

cittā-antara-dṛśye buddhi-buddheḥ-atiprasaṅgaḥ smṛti-saṃkaraśca
if the mind were perceived by another mind, there would be a perception of perception [causing] confusion of memories
Something stands behind the cittā/’mind’ and observes it continuously. This is your True Self. Its essential nature is different to that of its servant (cittā). One part of individual consciousness cannot observe itself.
In rejecting any suggestion that there could be a succession of ‘minds’ in the same person, Patanjali askes (albeit rhetorically), “who would perceive the second mind; a third one?”.
Damian Cadman-Jones is an authorised teacher of Prana Vashya Yoga™
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